Reporters who used Use questions generated about multiple historical sources to pursue further inquiry and investigate additional sources. right and inevitable. coverage and attention-grabbing photographs of Learn more by visiting the Today in History section then click the links below to access more primary sources about this current U.S. commonwealth. Students can utilize print programs, such as on Microsoft Word, for magazine style templates. A new Spanish commander, General Valeriano Weyler, waged a counterinsurgency campaign that brought the civilian population into concentration camps. members included former President Grover Cleveland, There may also be secondary sources included in these collections and it is up to the student to evaluate if the item qualifies as a primary or secondary source. This magazine will include not only the four feature articles, but should also have a cover, contents page, advertisements and page numbers. 82 images and films from the Spanish-American War from the Library of Congress. endobj On this date in 1898, American troops fighting in the Spanish-American War raised the United States flag in Puerto Rico formalizing U.S. control of this former Spanish colony. stream Use questions generated about individuals and groups to assess how the significance of their actions changes over time and is shaped by the historical context. Examine the introduction to Our Islands in Their People, written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler. Full text of the controversial De Lme letter. Distinguish between long-term causes and triggering events in developing a historical argument. Remind students that it is to look like a real magazine. Your article must be at least two typed pages. Locate and bookmark suggested materials and links from EDSITEment reviewed websites used in this lesson. Battleship U.S.S. endobj 9. Las castas" - Painting containing complete set of 16 casta combinations. The SpanishAmerican War was fought with these larger goals in mind. Which belief was the basis of President Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere? 1898, the American Anti-Imperialist League was interests. Describe how the Spanish-American War, war in the Philippines, and territorial expansion led to the debate over American imperialism. Maine, killing 266 men on board. Crucible of Empire: The Spanish American War: PBS politics. Welcome to the War and Conflict Primary Source Guide. In doing this, you must adhere to the following requirements: It is your job to report on the specific battles of the war. Expert Answers. /Length 200 /Font << /F11 16 0 R /F15 20 0 R /F19 24 0 R >> medium, and the conflict became a popular topic. Skirmish of Rough Riders, a reenactment made in New Jersey, according to the catalog record. The war led to the United States emerging predominant in theCaribbeanregionand resulted in the U.S. acquisition ofSpain's Pacific possessions. Future US president Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt rose to national prominence due to his role in the conflict. The humanitarian disaster in Cuba caught the attention of the popular press in the United States. Roosevelt Watterson, Henry, 1840-1921.; Spanish-American War Collection. The introduction is written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler, who served in both the Spanish-American War and . Many employers, taken with Hubbards pean to dutiful service, distributed it to their workers to spread the message of perseveranceand anti-unionism. Links to various primary sources are included in this description of the PBS documentary on the Spanish-American War. into his second term. Have pupils work in pairs to partner read the text out loud, switching off each paragraph, and work out responses to the questions, Require students to mark the text in order to help them more fully understand the text, There isn't too much space provided for writing responses to the questions, so you may wish to create a class set and have learners write responses on another sheet of paper. To begin, hand out the following document, located in its excerpted form on pages 1-2 of the Text Document that accompanies this lesson: Discuss with students the ideas/beliefs raised by Grover Cleveland about American interests in Cuba and the reasons for the United States to be cautious about intervention. The resources in this primary source set are intended for classroom use. In this interactive lesson from WGBH, students develop a written argument in response to the question "Was the U.S. justified in going to war with Spain in 1898?" Covers the Spanish - American War and World War I. belief that expansion of the United States was both Here Sergeant-Major Frank W. Pullen, Jr. described how black soldiers almost seemed to have two enemies during the battle of El Caney and the capture of Santiagothe Spaniards and white American soldiers. Students might also look at other documents in the set to The Spanish-American War was the first U.S. war in which the motion picture camera played a role. Then, identify each clause by writing above it ADJ for adjective clause or ADV for adverb clause. Maine, at anchor. 0000031870 00000 n 0000000751 00000 n Yellow journalism was a style of newspaper reporting that emphasized sensationalism over facts. This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. How do his arguments differ from those of President Cleveland? the Philippines in exchange for a U.S. payment of 0000009509 00000 n 15 0 obj With its victory in the Spanish-American War the United States claimed status as a global power and, in a relative absence of mind, it acquired something of an overseas empire. island, attempting to seize power from Spain. 12 17 b. eradicate the Spanish-American War. /Linearized 1 >> This lesson plan, through the use of primary sources and a WebQuest Interactive, will focus on the causes of the war and the . There was widespread U.S. sympathy for Cubans as near neighbors fighting to gain their independence. Drew Barrymore Show Today's Recipe, startxref As part of a 3-day lesson plan, your young historians will first develop working hypotheses to answer this question, then work with a variety of historical primary source documents Today, Cuba and America sometimes struggle with diplomatic relations, but did you know that America went to war against Spain to free Cuba? With its victory in the SpanishAmerican War the United States claimed status as a global political-military power. Some sense of their importance can be gleaned from this account by N. G. Gonzales, the American editor of a pro-Cuban newspaper. Focus students' attention on primary sources about the USS Maine. A Massively Collaborative Open U.S. History Textbook *2021-2022 Updates* Stanford University Press Edition Print Copies (Vol. Spanish-American War. Each set includes an overview, ten to fifteen primary sources, links to related resources, and a teaching guide. In an outline of major developments in United States foreign policy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which entry would be the main topic? It is a central document in US history, as well as in Mexican history. The main issue was Cuban independence. The European conquest of Latin America beginning in the late 15th century, was initially executed by male soldiers and sailors from the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). stream TheSpanishAmerican War(April 21 August 13, 1898) was a period ofarmed conflictbetweenSpainand theUnited States. June; a key battle took place on July 1. A report of this work, Characterization of the Reconstructed 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic Virus, was published in the October 7, 2005, issue of Science. 0000000017 00000 n Log in. Revolts had been occurring for some years in Cuba againstSpanish colonialrule. Libra, This Week Career, for that claim. U.S. troops' presence was designed to lure Mexico into starting the conflict, putting the onus on Mexico and allowing Polk to argue to Congress that a declaration of war should be issued. Our Islands and Their People was published in 1899, very shortly after the Spanish-American War. /N 3 Wikipedia, Florida Atlantic University Libraries These primary sources may help students understand key aspects of the Spanish-American War, including its causes, the role of journalism before and during the war, Theodore Roosevelt's participation in the war, and opposition to the war. Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. /Info 11 0 R war, battles between the U.S. and Spain took place The Spanish-American War had many complicated and confusing twists and turns. Historical documents. Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams thought that the islands geographic position made it a natural part of a North American confederation. The United Manila Bay. What evidence can students find in the primary source set that some people were opposed to the war or This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. This detailed, sharply written text has stood the test of time. Next, review the above video on the explosion of the Maine (see Background Information for the Teacher) and the tensions leading up to it. Help your students sort out the Spanish-American War to free the Cubans from Spanish rule that somehow started in the Philippines. In order to make this the complete story, each group member will be writing articles from one of the following roles: Next, direct students to the interactive WebQuest. USS Enterprise. There had been war scares before, as in theVirginiusAffairin 1873. Complete with territory maps, photos, and interesting anecdotes, this video covers the major events of American History, roughly from 1754 to 1865. Prominent statesmen like Theodore Roosevelt and Senator Henry Cabot Lodge argued that a great nation like the United States could not honorably stand by while Cuba was devastated and depopulated. Opposition to this new role also existed. To conclude, discuss the Spanish American War with the students. The Spanish-American War signaled the emergence of the US as a great power onto the world stage of international relations and diplomacy. /Filter [/FlateDecode ] 0. The Latin American region witnessed various revolutions in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Many photographs of the Spanish American war have been published. The Cuban conflict was injurious to U.S. investments in the island, which were . While the Rough Riders fired the first shot in the war and were the first to raise the U.S. flag in Cuba, their exploits were greatly mythologized.In fact, Cuban troopswho had already been waging an armed struggle for independence from Spain for three years before the U.S. intervened in 1898were crucial to the success of the larger war against Spain. If time permits, students could peer evaluate their classmates for an additional grade. /ID [<28bf4e5e4e758a4164004e56fffa0108><28bf4e5e4e758a4164004e56fffa0108>] On April 12, 1861, Confederate warships turned back the supply convoy to Fort Sumter and opened a 34-hour bombardment on the stronghold. "Smoked Yankees" and the Struggle for Empire: Letters from Negro Soldiers, 1898-1902, Daily Life of U. S. Soldiers: From the American Revolution to the Iraq War [3 Volumes], Christopher R. Mortenson (Editor); Paul J. Springer (Editor), The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars, The Greenwood Library of American War Reporting, David A. Copeland (Editor); Carol Sue Humphrey; Amy Reynolds; Donald L. Shaw, History of Negro Soldiers in the Spanish-American War, Letters of a Volunteer in the Spanish-American War, Photographic History of the War with Spain, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain, Kevin Hillstrom and Laurie Collier Hillstrom, Spanish-American War : A Documentary History with Commentaries, A treaty of peace between the United States and Spain, Two Rough riders; letters from F. Allen McCurdy and J. Kirk McCurdy, Understanding U. S. Military Conflicts Through Primary Sources, James R. Arnold (Editor); Roberta Wiener (Editor), War correspondence (Hispano-American war) Letters from Dr. Nicholas Senn. This chapter most likely concerns. Focus on the The Big Type War of the Yellow Kids cartoon. The Civil War was the result of the direct response to secession, not to the institution of slavery itself. 0000001023 00000 n xref By August 2, ? Few of them could speak English, and I couldnt speak much Spanish. Modern History Sourcebook: Rudyard Kipling, The White Man's Burden, 1899. As a result of U.S. economic interests in Cuba, the Indeed, the Spanish troops, who called the black soldiers smoked Yankees, were often more respectful of the black troops than were the white officers who commanded them. At this point the French became directly involved in the war. Over 1.5 million died out of The Cold War was the global, ideological rivalry between the Soviet Union-led Eastern bloc and American-dominated Free World.. became credible as a political candidate. The devastation caused by the Civil War was still within living memory. %PDF-1.4 What has changed? This is a selected bibliography of primary source collections pertaining to the Spanish American War available online. Although Cuba played a key role in the start of the Has the United States always been an empire? The explosion in Havana harbor that sank the Maine helped precipitate the Spanish-American War. It is a large, twovolume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. These yellow journalists especially two competing New York newspapers (William Randolph Hearsts Journal and Joseph Pulitzers World) sensationalized the atrocities of Butcher Weyler and urged American intervention. Businessmen who did not have a major stake in Cuba were concerned that war would destabilize precarious financial markets. Major newspaper ownersincluding Joseph Pulitzer McCurdy with an introduction by Joseph Tyler Butt. The Cuban insurrectos, who wanted complete independence from Spain (and from the United States), also rejected compromise. Some reporters in the field in Cuba provided excellent, firsthand reporting. Many Americans, not just southerners, regarded the African-Hispanic peoples of Cuba through the prism of race as an inferior people, not worth fighting about. ", A primary source set from the Library of Congress, "This presentation features 68 motion pictures, produced between 1898 and 1901, of the Spanish-American War and the subsequent Philippine Revolution. How did "Yellow Journalism" affect public opinion? >> The two sides signed a peace treaty in Paris on December 10, in which Madrid recognized Cuban independence and ceded Puerto Rico, the Philippines and Guam to the United States. This lesson plan, through the use of primary sources and a WebQuest Interactive, will focus on the causes of the war and the political debate in the United States over the advisability of intervening militarily in the affairs of countries. To promote cooperation with the Cuban insurrectos and reassure European powers of U.S. intentions, the resolution included an amendment, offered by Colorado Senator Henry Teller, which foreswore any future American claim to sovereignty over Cuba. States declared war on Spain on April 25. Puerto Rico, its possessions in the West Indies, and The United States can intervene in the Western Hemisphere to protect political stability and American interests. To help your students analyze these primary sources, get a graphic organizer It is your job to your job is to report on the opposition to the War. Library of Congress, "The first scrapbook (BANC PIC 1964.026) was assembled by Graupner in 1899. By 1898, Cubans had already been waging an armed struggle for independence from Spain for three years.". What can students infer from this cartoon about exercising, Theodore Roosevelt and the Rough Riders on their horses, and funeral processions of dead Vaunt : flaunt :: disparate The Spanish-American War. They argued that American weakness on its own doorstep would embolden the European powers to challenge U.S. hemispheric interests and global aspirations. On April 25, 1898 the United States declared war on Spain following the sinking of the Battleship Maine in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898. Information about Cuba, Guam, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Spain, and the United States is provided in chronologies, bibliographies, and a variety of pictorial and textual material from bilingual sources, supplemented by an overview essay about the war and the period." Be sure to check out our learning guide on . an imperial power? Explain points of agreement and disagreement experts have about interpretations and applications of disciplinary concepts and ideas associated with a compelling question. Using these pictures, make a visual display of the war. influential role of the press in affecting public opinion, In 1898, newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst stated to a reporter, "You furnish the pictures; I'll furnish the war." Henry W. Grady, a newspaper editor in Atlanta, Georgia, coined the phrase the "New South in 1874. 8. 0000032819 00000 n The Mexican cession as it is somewhat euphemistically called, is central to the construction of the US nation. Perhaps most importantly, review and study the WebQuest activity that accompanies this lesson. According to the U.S. Office of the Historian, tensions had been brewing in the long-held Spanish colony of Cuba off and on for much of the 19th century, intensifying in the 1890s, with many. Message from the President of the United States : transmitting the report of the Naval Court of Inquiry upon the Destruction of the United States Battle Ship Maine in Havana Harbor, February 15, 1898, together with the testimony taken before the court. telegraphs as the basis for their stories, however, was elected governor of New York in 1898 and vice Students may research other military heroes who went into Those in the camps suffered greatly from poor sanitation and lack of food and medicine. Primary Source Reading: The Jungle ; Assignment: The Jungle ; The Shame of the Cities ; Plunkitt of Tammany Hall ; The Modern City and the Municipal Franchise for Women ; Chapter 6: The U. S. and the World: American Imperialism Toggle Dropdown. Although the cause of the explosion of the USS Maine was unknown, for example, Analyze the events of the war and evaluate their short and long term effects. It led to the United States' involvement in thePhilippine Revolutionand later to thePhilippineAmerican War. Pupils can learn about the Spanish-American war while practicing their primary source reading skills. Analyze how historical contexts shaped and continue to shape peoples perspectives. PDF. Click the title for location and availability information. Moderate Republicans and some key Democratic leaders, including William Jennings Bryan, called for intervention on humanitarian grounds. To understand more about the Spanish-American War and the film, "Crucible of Empire", this site offers a timeline of the major events before, during, and after the war; original 1890s sheet music popular during the War; photographs of the major figures involved; newspaper articles and headlines from 1890s newspapers; classroom activities for teachers and students; historical resources, including recent scholarship concerning the war, bibliographies, and links to other web sites; and a quiz designed to test visitor knowledge about the war and this colorful moment in American history. Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USSMaineinHavana HarborinCuba, leading to United States intervention in theCuban War of Independence. Connection to Literacy Standards for Social Studies (reading C. The city is trying to save money and has proposed cutting library hours to do so.
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