Political Parties and Political Participation: Many opposition candidates were unable to compete on equal terms with the then ruling Barisan Nasional coalition and were subject to restrictions and outside interference during the 2018 election campaign. Don't sweat over picking a decent topic dealing with social problems. Social problems can relate to governments, social behavior, social structure, environmental and economic problems. Defendants have the right to be informed promptly of the charges against them, to a timely trial, and to be present at their trial. Non-Muslims are not subject to sharia. In January a male inmate raped a 16-year-old girl, also an inmate, at a local police station in Miri, Sarawak State. Under national security laws, police may enter and search the homes of persons suspected of threatening national security without a warrant. On February 17, Rafi Ullah, a Pakistani refugee, died at Sungai Buloh Prison, near Paya Jaras, Selangor State, reportedly of a heart attack; his lawyer said serious injuries on his hands and feet raised questions about the cause of death. There is a special court for sexual crimes against children, established to speed up trials that often took years to conclude. Otherwise, defendants must rely on legal aid, and the amount of time to prepare for trial is at the discretion of the judge. All same-sex sexual conduct is illegal. The amount and availability of bail is at the judges discretion. Freedom of expression came under attack immediately after the change in government, when authorities opened a sedition investigation into activist Fadiah Nadwa Fikri for organizing a protest against the method by which the new government came to power. 5. Authorities, however, often treated children exploited in commercial sex as offenders or undocumented immigrants rather than as victims. Muslim women younger than 16 may marry with the approval of a sharia court. Smoking . Civilian authorities at times did not maintain effective control over security forces. Commercial sexual exploitation of children existed, and a local NGO estimated in 2015, the last year with reported data, that 5,000 children were involved in sex work in Kuala Lumpur and surrounding areas. In June, 40 religious and educator groups jointly protested an online program, School as a Safe Place for Individuals of Various Sexual Orientations, arguing that schools must be saved from elements of pro-unnatural sex orientations and transgenderism ideology that are against religious teachings (see section 6, Acts of Violence, Criminalization, and Other Abuses Based on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity). The time needed for a union to be recognized remained long and unpredictable. The constitution provides for the special position of the Malays and natives of any of the States of Sabah and Sarawak but does not refer specifically to the Orang Asli. See the Department of States International Religious Freedom Report at https://www.state.gov/religiousfreedomreport/. The government did not effectively enforce the law. 03 / Select Countries You can add more than one country or area. In August the minister of home affairs rejected an appeal by the Malaysian United Democratic Alliance to register as a political party. Malaysia's politics are rotten from the top | The Economist Health care costs is the only issue of the 15 asked on . Students with disabilities attended mainstream schools, but accessibility remained a serious problem. Rural versus Urban Social Issues. A November 2 hearing was fixed for Ibu Yati. The religious NGO Ikram warned that some residents rejected the COVID-19 vaccine, believing it to be part of the Jewish agenda, that it contained nonhalal ingredients and tracking chips, and that it could cause death. It conducted training, undertook investigations, issued reports, and made recommendations to the government. Malaysia Outlook 2022: Five Risks to Watch | BusinessToday According to World Prison Brief, as of August 2020 the country had 69,000 inmates in 52 prisons designed to hold only 52,000 inmates. After the suspension, Hamid retired. Nur Sajat failed to appear for her court date on February 23, citing a medical condition. A prominent human rights advocate stated, the amount is not punitive. In September Minister of Health Khairy Jamaluddin announced that everyone in the country was eligible for a COVID-19 vaccine regardless of documentation status, but many remained skeptical. However, drug abuse among the youth in Malaysia is becoming a grave concern. Police justified this practice as necessary to prevent interference in investigations in progress, and the courts generally upheld the practice. Depression. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Criminal defendants have the right to confront witnesses. In June, 40 religious NGOs and educator groups released a joint statement protesting an online program entitled, School as a Safe Place for Individuals of Various Sexual Orientations, alleging the event supported the open promotion of LGBTQI+ elements in schools. The statement argued that schools must be saved from elements of pro-unnatural sex orientations and transgenderism ideology that are against religious teachings. The online program proceeded as scheduled. List of Social Issues - Common Social Issues of 2022 Many NGOs complained women did not receive fair treatment from sharia courts, especially in divorce and child custody cases (see section 6). A regulation reserves 1 percent of public-sector jobs for persons with disabilities. Hamid alleged government interference in previous judicial decisions and complicity by judges in sham cases designed to reward government supporters with large settlements. Penalties for violations were not commensurate with those for similar crimes. NGOs reported a police practice of releasing suspects and then quickly rearresting them to continue investigative custody without seeking judicial authorization. Recently, the statistics have shown an increase in abortion. The executive director of local human rights NGO Suaram, Sevan Doraisamy, reported that according to Suarams media monitoring, widely reported custodial deaths during the year pointed to a combination of a sense of impunity and poor health systems in detention centers.. In August, the government withdrew a bill submitted by the prior administration to create an Independent Police Complaints and Misconduct Commission because the police objected to it. The government instead introduced a bill to create a toothless Independent Police Conduct Commission that lacks both key investigative powers and the authority to punish wrongdoing. Most migrants, refugees, and stateless persons lived in private accommodations and survived on support from UNHCR, NGOs, community-based organizations, refugee support networks, or illegal or informal labor. They performed hazardous duties and had no meaningful access to legal counsel in cases of contract violations and abuse. While authorities initially stated that they would not take action against undocumented migrants who came forward for testing, on April 29, the defense minister announced that all illegal immigrants found in areas under enhanced movement control orders would be sent to detention centers when those orders ended. Police fined each of the activists, including a local city councilor, and detained them for several hours. The number detained in these centers was not publicly available. Public-sector workers have some collective bargaining rights, although some could only express opinions on wages and working conditions instead of actively negotiating. State religious authorities reportedly forced LGBTQI+ persons to participate in conversion therapy, treatment, or rehabilitation programs to cure them of their sexuality. In August that coalition lost its majority in the lower house of parliament, resulting in a transfer of power to a Barisan Nasional-led coalition headed by the new prime minister, Ismail Sabri. Independent Monitoring: Authorities generally did not permit NGOs and media to monitor prison conditions; the law allows judges to visit prisons to examine conditions and ask prisoners and prison officials about conditions. According to MACC, authorities arrested 337 public officials for corruption and bribery from January to August. For examples of social problems in Malaysia include crime, violence, gangsterism, drug abuse, baby dumping, vandalism, and young relationship among youth. Malaysia: leading environmental issues 2019 | Statista Investigations revealed Yusrazif received a list of names and passport details of the detained foreigners from two agents and facilitated the release and return of detainees to their countries of origin in exchange for bribes. Workers who strike without the consent of the director general of trade unions are liable to a fine of 2,000 ringgit ($480), imprisonment for up to one year, or both. Sexual Exploitation of Children: The law bans child pornography and states that a child is considered a victim of sexual abuse if he or she has taken part as a participant or an observer in any activity that is sexual in nature for the purposes of a photograph, recording, film, videotape, or performance. Employment: Although the government does not authorize UNHCR-registered refugees to work, it typically did not interfere if they performed informal work. 3 million people owe more than $10,000. Registering a new political party remained difficult because of government restrictions on the process. The government arrested and prosecuted some officials engaged in corruption, malfeasance, and human rights abuses, although civil society groups alleged continued impunity. On July 13, the Federal Court announced that it would be taking time to deliberate before issuing a decision. Estimates of the street-child population ranged from a few thousand to 15,000, many of whom were born in the country to illegal immigrant parents. The Newcastle research found that 85 percent of workers reported paying recruitment fees and 43 percent reported taking out loans averaging more than $2,000 to cover the costs, which took nearly a year on average to repay. Students remain prohibited from expressing support or sympathy for an unlawful society or organization. There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities. The Malaysian Trades Union Congress is a registered society of trade unions in both the private and government sectors that does not have the right to bargain collectively or strike but may provide technical support to affiliated members. The government did not effectively enforce laws prohibiting forced labor in some cases, and large fines as penalties were not commensurate with those for other analogous serious crimes, such as kidnapping. In June the government expanded social security coverage to local and migrant domestic workers. Significant human rights issues included: reports of unlawful or arbitrary killings by the government or its agents; reports of torture and cases of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment by the government; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; arbitrary detention; problems with the independence . What does a boil look like after it pops? Americans' views of the problems facing the nation. Authorities often banned street protests, and police sometimes confronted civil society and opposition demonstrations with mass arrests. Police raided the publishing company and questioned journalist Tashny Sukumaran and seven Malaysiakini journalists who had authored chapters. According to an investigation published by local media in 2018, there are no standard procedures for the practice and in some cases box cutters and stationery store blades are used. Government officials defended the practice during a UN review in 2018, when a Ministry of Health official stated that the practice was performed only by medical professionals and compared it to immunization programs for female babies. The law also restricts the formation of unions of workers in similar trades, occupations, or industries. I panicked because I was made to believe that I had committed something wrong. Such groups also sometimes attempted to intimidate opposition groups through demonstrations. According to a survey on mental health and wellness conducted by Rakuten Insight in Malaysia in May 2022, 59 percent of the respondents . Youth suicide costs a staggering RM350 mil each year, according to Relate Malaysia's new study. The nongovernmental organization (NGO) Eliminating Deaths and Abuse in Custody Together (EDICT) accused the government and police of not taking the issue seriously and called for a coroners inquest to determine the cause of death. It is vindictive.. There is no minimum age for engaging in light work. Penalties included fines but were seldom assessed and were not commensurate with those under other laws involving denials of civil rights, such as discrimination. In Malaysia, or at least in Kuala Lumpur, homeless people have somewhat blended into the backdrop of the city. The government curbed freedom of expression, particularly freedom of the press. In April, news portal Malaysiakini submitted to the Ministry of Education a list of 15 schools that allegedly required female students to undergo intrusive physical examinations to prove that they were menstruating and hence exempted from prayers. COVID-19, Education, and Literacy in Malaysia: Social Contexts of Advocates and the international medical community remained concerned that the Health Ministry endorsement legitimizes the harmful practice and contributes to the medicalization of FGM. Physical Conditions: Overcrowding in prisons and immigration detention centers, particularly in facilities near major cities, remained a serious problem. In August police stopped a candlelight vigil organized by the NGO Sekretariat Solidariti Rakyat to commemorate COVID-19 victims in Kuala Lumpur and arrested 31 activists for violating infectious disease control regulations despite participants following all necessary COVID-19 standard operating procedures for gatherings. . We understand that pulling together the top most common and popular issue prevailing in 2021 is not simple. . Freedom to Participate in the Political Process, Section 4. Ongoing political instability led to an emergency proclamation that suspended Parliament for the first time since 1969, followed by an unprecedented public rebuke of political leaders by the Malaysian king, and the third new government in as many years. Access to Asylum: The law does not provide for granting asylum or refugee status, and the government has not established a system for providing protection to refugees. The nationwide January-August state of emergency restricted freedom of assembly and prohibited worker strikes and protests. In February the High Court ruled against the Semelai Orang Asli claim for customary rights over a plot of land in Pahang State to make way for an oil palm cultivation project. The Barisan Nasional (BN) political coalition ruled Malaysia from independence in 1957 until 2018, maintaining power by manipulating electoral districts, appealing to ethnic nationalism, and suppressing criticism through restrictive speech laws and politicized prosecutions of opposition leaders. The government placed some restrictions on academic freedom, particularly the expression of unapproved political views, and enforced restrictions on teachers and students who expressed dissenting views. Analysis: Mental health issues growing more serious | The Star Nearly a third reported that their recruitment agency threatened them not to speak about being charged the fees. Employers may immediately deport pregnant or ill workers. 6 Major Social Issues in India: Causes and Measures Those convicted of a first offense face a token fine and a maximum sentence of 14 days in jail. Displacement. Womens rights groups contended a 2009 fatwa by the National Council of Islamic Religious Affairs declaring the practice obligatory made FGM/C more prevalent. The Judges Ethics Committee suspended Court of Appeal judge Hamid Sultan Abu Backer from February through August because of an affidavit he filed in 2019 as part of a lawsuit against then chief justice Richard Malanjum. The law prohibits women from working underground, such as in mines, and restricts employers from requiring female employees to work in industrial or agricultural work between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. or to commence work for the day without having 11 consecutive hours of rest since the end of the last work period. Rape. Part of a mini series of Focus books on COVID-19 in Malaysia, the chapters in this book address the pandemic's impacts on education and literacy. Parts of the country were hit with devastating floods that lasted for days at the end of 2021 following non-stop heavy rains in the Klang Valley and the state of Selangor, Pahang, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan and Terengganu. In May police reported an increase in cases involving child pornography during the movement control order period from March 2020 to April 2021, including child grooming without physical contact using words or showing obscene sexual acts to children. Human Rights Watch called on the government to investigate the deportations and to provide UNHCR with access to all detainees, refugees, and asylum seekers in the country, stressing the risk they faced of a return to persecution. NGOs continued to criticize the lack of resources dedicated to enforcement of the law. The number of labor enforcement officers was insufficient to enforce compliance. Saddiq pleaded not guilty in a lower court in Johor State to two counts of money laundering, involving 100,000 ringgit ($24,000). Protests deemed acceptable by the government usually proceeded without interference. The government requires all civil servants, university faculty, and students to sign a pledge of loyalty to the king and government. NGOs operated static and mobile clinics, but their number and access were limited. The investigation remained open at time of writing. Social problems has been invited many negative things that can threaten the peace and safety of the country. At time of writing, the government had not made public the report or taken steps to end the mandatory penalty. What are the current issues in our society? Malaysia: Freedom on the Net 2021 Country Report | Freedom House Civil and criminal law exempt men older than 50, unless convicted of rape, and all women from caning. The NGO Womens Aid Organization reported that from January through September, it received 1,662 complaints involving domestic violence, and the number of survivors seeking shelter increased one and a half times during the same period. One-Stop Crisis Centers, an integrated multiagency service in the emergency department of most major public hospitals, provided support, including emergency contraception, to victims of sexual violence. Prior to the 2018 elections, opposition political parties were disadvantaged due to the Barisan Nasional governments control over traditional media outlets and malapportionment of constituencies, among other matters.
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